| TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| |
| LIST OF TABLES | iv |
| LIST OF GRAPHS | vi |
| LIST OF TABLES IN APPENDICES | viii |
| PREFACE | xii |
| |
| Chapter 1 | INTRODUCTION | 1 |
| |
| Chapter 2 | THE SYSTEM OF HISTORICAL NATIONAL ACCOUNTS | 4 |
| |
| Chapter 3 | POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT, AND LABOUR INPUT | 12 |
| | 1. Population | 12 |
| | 2. Employment | 12 |
| | a. Female Labour in Agriculture | 13 |
| | b. Domestic Servants | 17 |
| | c. Total Employment | 19 |
| | 3. Labour Input | 20 |
| |
| Chapter 4 | PRODUCT | 25 |
| | 1. Agriculture | 25
|
| | a. Agricultural Output 1850-1913 | 25 |
| | b. Arable Output 1812-1851 | 26 |
| | c. Livestock Production 1807-1850 | 32 |
| | 2. Fisheries | 34 |
| | 3. Mining | 35 |
| | a. Coal Mining | 35 |
| | b. Peat Extraction | 35 |
| | 4. Industry | 37 |
| | a. Ceramics and Glass, Diamond Cutting, Printing, and Chemicals | 38 |
| | b. Construction, Metals, Engineering, and Shipbuilding | 39 |
| | c. Textiles and Clothing | 40 |
| | d. Foodstuffs | 42 |
| | e. Leather, Woodworking, and Paper | 45 |
| | 5. Services | 46 |
| |
| Chapter 5 | INCOME | 51 |
| | 1. Wage Income | 51 |
| | 2. Income from Capital and Profits | 56 |
| |
| Chapter 6 | EXPENDITURE | 58 |
| | 1. Private Consumer Expenditure | 58 |
| | 2. Private Investment | 63 |
| | a. Buildings | 65 |
| | b. Infrastructure | 66 |
| | c. Machinery and Transport Equipment | 66 |
| | 3. Public Consumption and Investment | 67 |
| | 4. Changes in Inventories and Work in Progress | 69 |
| | 5. Depreciation | 70 |
| |
| Chapter 7 | BALANCE OF PAYMENTS | 71 |
| | 1. Imports and Exports of Merchandise | 71 |
| | 2. Imports and Exports of Services | 72 |
| | a. Merchant Shipping | 73 |
| | b. International River Shipping | 74 |
| | c. Port Activities | 75 |
| | d. Banking and Insurance | 76 |
| | 3. Net Primary Income from Abroad | 77 |
| | a. Public Incomes | 78 |
| | b. Private Incomes | 82 |
| | 4. The Aggregate Balance of Payments | 87 |
| |
| Chapter 8 | INDIRECT TAXES AND SUBSIDIES | 89 |
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| Chapter 9 | DEFLATION | 92 |
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| Chapter 10 | RELIABILITY OF THE ESTIMATES | 97 |
| |
| APPENDICES |
| |
| Appendix A | POPULATION | 109 |
| Appendix B | EMPLOYMENT | 112 |
| Appendix C | LABOUR INPUT | 115 |
| Appendix D | OUTPUT | 121 |
| Appendix E | EXPENDITURE | 160 |
| Appendix F | INCOME | 172 |
| Appendix G | INDIRECT TAXES AND SUBSIDIES | 175 |
| Appendix H | BALANCE OF PAYMENTS | 180 |
| Appendix I | SUMMARY | 216 |
| Appendix J | RELIABILITY OF THE ESTIMATES | 237 |
| |
| REFERENCES | 239 |